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Augustus, grandnephew of Julius Caesar, 27 B.C.-A.D. 14
Tiberius, stepson of Augustus, A.D. 14-A.D. 37
Caligula, grandnephew of Tiberius, 37-41
Claudius, uncle of Caligula,41-54
Nero, stepson of Claudius, 54-68
Galba, proclaimed emperor by his soldiers, 68-69
Otho, military commander, 69
Vespasian, military commander, 69-79
Vitellius, military commander, 69
Titus, son of Vespasian, 79-81
Domitian, son of Vespasian, 81-96
Nerva, elected interim ruler, 96-98
Trajan, adopted son of Nerva, 98-117
Hadrian, ward of Trajan, 117-38
Antoninus Pius, adopted by Hadrian, 138-61
Marcus Aurelius, adopted by Antonius Pius, 161-80
Lucius Verus ruled with Marcus Aurelius, 161-69
Commodus, son of Marcus Aurelius, 180-92
Pertinax, proclaimed emperor by Praetorian Guard, 193
Didius Julianus, office from Praetorian Guard, 193
Severus, proclaimed emperor, 193-211
Caracalla, son of Severus, 211-17
Geta, son of Severus, ruled with Caracalla, 211-12
Macrinus, proclaimed emperor by his soldiers, 217-18
Heliogabalus, cousin of Caracalla, 218-22
Alexander Severus, cousin of Heliogabalus, 222-35
Maximin, proclaimed emperor by soldiers, 235-38
Gordian I, made emperor by the senate, 238
Gordian II, son of Gordian I, ruled with his father, 238
Balbinus, elected joint emperor by the Senate, 238
Pupienus Maximus, joint emperor with Balbinus, 238
Gordian III, son of Gordian II, 238-44
Philip (the Arabian), assassin of Gordian III, 244-49
Decius, proclaimed emperor by the soldiers, 249-51

Hostilianus, son of Decius, colleague of Gallus, 251
Gallus, military commander, 251-53
Aemilianus, military commander, 253
Valerian, military commander, 253-60
Gallienus, son of Valerian, 253-68
Claudius II, military commander, 268-70
Aurelian, chosen by Claudius II as successor, 270-75
Tacitus, chosen by the senate, 275-76
Florianus, half brother of Tacitus, 276
Probus, military commander, 276-82
Carus, proclaimed by the Praetorian Guard, 282-83
Carinus, son of Carus, 283-85
Numerianus, son of Carus, with Carius, 283-84
Diocletian, with Maximian and ConstantiuS
Constantius I, joint emperor, 305-6
Galerius, joint emperor with Constantius I, 305-10
Maximin, nephew of Galerius, 308-13
Licinius, 308-24
Maxentius, son of Maximian 306-12
Constantine I (the Great), son of Constantius I, 306-37
Constantine II, son of Constantine I, 337-40
Constans, son of Constantine I, 337-50
Constantius II, son of Constantine I, 337-61
Magnentius, usurped Constans' throne, 350-53
Julian (the Apostate), nephew of Constantine I, 361-63
Jovian, elected by the army, 363-64
Valentinian I, 364-78
Gratian, son of Valentinian I; with Valentinian II, 375-83
Maximus, usurper in the West, 383-88
Valentinian II, son of Valentinian I, ruler of the West, 375-92
Eugenius, usurper in the West, 392-94
Theodosius I (the Great), ruler of the East by Gratian, last ruler of united empire, 375-95